A Review of Equivalent Circuit Model Based Online State of Power Estimation for Lithium-Ion Batteries in Electric Vehicles

With rapid transportation electrification worldwide, lithium-ion batteries have gained much attention for energy storage in electric vehicles (EVs). State of power (SOP) is one the key states EVs to optimise flow, thereby requiring accurate online estimation. Equivalent circuit model (ECM)-based methods are considered as mainstream technique SOP They primarily vary their basic principle, technical contribution, and validation approach, which not been systematically reviewed. This paper provides an overview improvements on ECM-based estimation past decade. Firstly, briefed, terms different operation modes, main pros cons also analysed accordingly. Secondly, contributions reviewed from three aspects: battery modelling, parameters identification, Thirdly, testing discussed, according accuracy efficiency. Finally, challenges outlooks presented inspire researchers this field further developments future.